Ubuntu Changeroot for Compilation

This short introduction is based on a more detailed guide at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebootstrapChroot.

prerequisites:

sudo aptitude install debootstrap schroot

first, create a new chroot-environment (Ubuntu hardy, 64-bit):

CHROOTDIR="/var/chroot/ubuntu-hardy-x86_64"
sudo debootstrap --variant=buildd --arch amd64 hardy "${CHROOTDIR}" http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
sudo vim "${CHROOTDIR}/etc/apt/sources.list"
sudo touch "${CHROOTDIR}/CHROOT"
echo hardy64_chroot | sudo tee ${CHROOTDIR}/etc/debian_chroot
for file in passwd shadow group gshadow hosts ; do sudo cp -av /etc/$file ${CHROOTDIR}/etc/ ; done

NOTE: if you're behind a proxy, use the following debootstrap-call instead:

sudo http_proxy="http://<your.proxy.address>:<port>/" debootstrap --variant=buildd --arch amd64 hardy "${CHROOTDIR}" http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

then, set up the according /etc/schroot/schroot.conf:

[hardy64]
description=Ubuntu Hardy Heron 8.04 (LTS) 64-bit
location=/var/chroot/ubuntu-hardy-x86_64
type=directory
run-setup-scripts=true
priority=3
users=<YOUR_USERNAME>
groups=sbuild
root-groups=root

NOTE: ”type” and ”run-setup-scripts” are required so schroot automatically mounts ”/proc” and ”/dev/pts” etc. when starting a chroot-session

“log in” the new chroot for the first time as root:

sudo schroot -c hardy64 -u root -d /root

apt-get update
apt-get install wget devscripts gnupg nano aptitude apt-utils sudo vim-tiny bash-completion
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
locale-gen de_DE.UTF-8
tzselect
aptitude update
aptitude dist-upgrade
aptitude -f install
visudo
exit

set up the home for the non-root user that builds the software:

sudo mkdir ${CHROOTDIR}/home/<USERNAME>
sudo chown <USERNAME>.<USERNAME> ${CHROOTDIR}/home/<USERNAME>

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted
 
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted 

## 'Backports' repository
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release.
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

# media packages
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ hardy free non-free

Add some or all of the following lines to enable sudo (replace emmenlau with your username).

%admin		ALL=(ALL) ALL

# with password, emmenlau can do much stuff
emmenlau	ALL = (ALL) ALL

# emmenlau may do some more
emmenlau	ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/mount, /bin/umount
emmenlau	ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt-get, /usr/bin/aptitude, /usr/bin/dpkg
emmenlau	ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/nohup, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/shutdown, /usr/bin/killall, /bin/kill

emmenlau	ALL = NOPASSWD: /sbin/mount, /sbin/umount
emmenlau        ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/cp, /bin/mv, /bin/chmod, /usr/sbin/chown, /bin/echo, /usr/bin/touch

The bare minimum of Ubuntu packages, that are essential for XuvTools compilation (and/or very convenient and also small), is:

colorgcc build-essential lsb-release\
xorg-dev libglu1-mesa-dev \
automake autoconf m4 bison flex \
cvs subversion mercurial git git-svn libtool patchutils texi2html dvipng \
rar unrar arj zip unzip \
perl python

For libBlitzBioFormats, you also need:

openjdk-6-jdk ant cmake

# or sun-java6-jdk

Several useful packages that you might also want to install:

valgrind gdb \
less nano vim \
automake1.7 automake1.9